Penerapan Media Edukasi Digital untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Ketrampilan Kader dalam Pencegahan Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70539/jti.v4i1.178Keywords:
Community-Health Cadres; Diabetes Mellitus; Digital Education; Health Education; SkillsAbstract
Diabetes mellitus continous prevention efforts to reduce the risk of complication, including through strengthening the capacity of community health cadres to provide health education. This community engangement program aimed to improve the knowlegde and skills of health cadres throught the implementation of digital educational media for diabetes mellitus complication prevention. The program was conducted in Pesawahan Village, Binangun Distric, Cilacap Regency, Central Java, involving 35 female health cadres during June – July 2026 through three activities. The intervention consisted of health education, practical trainning on movement and functional education, and implementation of digital education media comprising a digital flipbook, QR code integrated into leaflets, and material distribution through WhatsaApp. Knowledge and skill were assessed before and after the intervention using structured instruments, while implementation of digital media was evaluated descriptively. Based on analysis, the mean knowledge score increased from 56.57 to 81.29, while the mean skill score increased from 9.34 to 17.17. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank analysis indicated significant changes in both knowledge and skills (p<0,001), with large effect sizes. All 35 cadres (100%) accessed the QR Code and digital flipbook, recieved materials through WhatsApp and disseminated the flipbook to community members in their residential areas. The program demonstrated the potential of integrated digital educational media to strenghten cadres capacity and extend diabetes mellitus complication prevention education at the community level
References
Alfian, R., Athiyah, U., & Nita, Y. (2021). Social media health interventions to improve diabetes mellitus patient outcome: A systematic review. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 32(4), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0501
Al Omar, M., Hasan, S., Palaian, S., & Mahameed, S. (2020). The impact of a self-management educational program coordinated through WhatsApp on diabetes control. Pharmacy Practice, 18(2), 1841. https://doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2020.2.1841
Barengo, N. C., Diaz Valencia, P. A., Apolina, L. M., Estrada Cruz, N. A., Fernández Garate, J. E., Correa González, R. A., … SANENT Study Group. (2022). Mobile health technology in the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Current Diabetes Reports, 22(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-021-01445-w
Egbujie, B. A., Delobelle, P. A., Levitt, N., Puoane, T., Sanders, D., & van Wyk, B. (2018). Role of community health workers in type 2 diabetes mellitus self-management: A scoping review. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198424. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198424
Evans, J., White, P., & Ha, H. (2023). Evaluating the effectiveness of community health worker interventions on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 402(Suppl. 1), S40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02140-2
Furtado de Souza, C., Dalzochio, M. B., Zucatti, A. T. N., De Nale, R., de Almeida, M. T., Gross, J. L., & Leitão, C. B. (2017). Efficacy of an education course delivered to community health workers in diabetes control: A randomized clinical trial. Endocrine, 57(2), 280–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1352-z
Gupta, P., & Shukla, R. (2022). WhatsApp for diabetes self-management education (DSME) in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 26(Suppl. 1), S39. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.342232
Kerr, D., Ahn, D., Waki, K., Wang, J., Breznen, B., & Klonoff, D. C. (2024). Digital interventions for self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e55757. https://doi.org/10.2196/55757
Mohammadi, S., Zakerkish, M., Montazeri, A., Bahrami, Z., & Araban, M. (2026). Development, suitability and comprehensibility of a QR code-enabled educational package to improve self-care practices among patients with type 2 diabetes: A multimethod study in Iran. Health Expectations, 29(3), e70729. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.70729
Morris, T., Aspinal, F., Ledger, J., Li, K., & Gomes, M. (2023). The impact of digital health interventions for the management of type 2 diabetes on health and social care utilisation and costs: A systematic review. PharmacoEconomics - Open, 7(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41669-022-00377-9
Moschonis, G., Siopis, G., Jung, J., Eweka, E., Willems, R., Kwasnicka, D., … Manios, Y. (2023). Effectiveness, reach, uptake, and feasibility of digital health interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. The Lancet Digital Health, 5(3), e125–e143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00233-3
Nkhoma, D. E., Soko, C. J., Bowrin, P., Manga, Y. B., Greenfield, D., Househ, M., Li, Y.-C., & Iqbal, U. (2021). Digital interventions self-management education for type 1 and 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 210, 106370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106370
Ossenbrink, L., Haase, T., Timpel, P., Schoffer, P., Scheibe, M., Schmitt, J., Deckert, S., & Harst, L. (2023). Effectiveness of digital health interventions containing game components for the self-management of type 2 diabetes: Systematic review. JMIR Serious Games, 11, e44132. https://doi.org/10.2196/44132
Ran, X., Chen, Y., Jiang, K., & Shi, Y. (2022). The effect of health literacy intervention on patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13078. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013078
Shirvani, T., Javadivala, Z., Azimi, S., Shaghaghi, A., Fathifar, Z., Bhalla, H. D. R. D., Abdekhoda, M., & Nadrian, H. (2021). Community-based educational interventions for prevention of type II diabetes: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 10, 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01619-3
Stevens, S., Gallagher, S., Andrews, T., Ashall-Payne, L., Humphreys, L., & Leigh, S. (2022). The effectiveness of digital health technologies for patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, 3, 936752. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcdhc.2022.936752
Whitehouse, C. R., Knowles, M., Long, J. A., Mitra, N., Volpp, K. G., Xu, C., … Kangovi, S. (2023). Digital health and community health worker support for diabetes management: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 38(1), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-022-07639-6
Werfalli, M., Raubenheimer, P. J., Engel, M., Musekiwa, A., Bobrow, K., Peer, N., … Levitt, N. S. (2020). The effectiveness of peer and community health worker-led self-management support programs for improving diabetes health-related outcomes in adults in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 9, 133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01377-8
Xiao, Y., Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Xie, N., Chen, F., Song, Z., & Zhao, S. (2025). Effectiveness of digital diabetes management technology on blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes at home: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e66441. https://doi.org/10.2196/66441
Yaagoob, E., Hunter, S., & Chan, S. (2023). The effectiveness of social media intervention in people with diabetes: An integrative review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32, 2419–2432. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16354
Yaagoob, E., Lee, R., Stubbs, M., Shuaib, F., Johar, R., & Chan, S. (2024). WhatsApp-based intervention for people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Nursing & Health Sciences, 26(2), e13117. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.13117
